Uncovered: The McMartin Family Trials Premieres Saturday, July 27th, The McMartin Family Trials Bonus: Ray Buckey, The McMartin Family Trials Bonus: Children's Testimony, Throughout the 1980s, the United States became enthralled by reports of sexual abuse, child pornography and Satanism during the McMartin Preschool trials in Los Angeles, California. The trial dragged on for nearly three years. It took a while for this particular panic to break down, and even then it occasionally resurfaced: in the mid-90s, 43 adults were arrested on more than 29,000 charges of child sex abuse in a pedophile ring operation in Wenatchee, Washington. As the investigation got under way, the Los Angeles District Attorney's office referred parents to the Childrens Institute International, a local non-profit that provides social services to children in need. There were also several other day care providers that were accused of abuse, but many were proven to be "unsubstantiated.". Link your TV provider to stream full episodes and live TV. The young children in the McMartin case also underwent forensic testing developed by a physician named Bruce Woodling: anal examinations (wink tests) in which he swabbed a spot near the patients anus that supposedly determined abuse. "The children are doing great," Cody said. She received a bachelor's degree in fine arts at Denison University in Ohio and later received her master's degree in social work. Social hysteria is born of an unmanageable surplus of anxiety and fear, Beck writes, and as a result panics themselves behave in excessive ways, improvising a series of crises and fabrications that build until the whole process breaks down under the weight of its own internal contradictions.. Whether Arnold Friedman was a child abuser became a very controversial topic in the late 1980s, Beck writes, but there is no question that he really was a pedophile.. [3] She developed the concept of the anatomically correct doll for children to use during interviews concerning abuse and played a significant role in the McMartin trial. But according to Elephant Executed for Murder, the story told by Johnson's son wasn't so straightforward. "The criminal justice system, interviewers and police, law enforcement are much more concerned about eliciting information from children, as opposed to giving them clues," Rubin said. According to, reported the case had come to its final end, as, Virginia McMartin died in 1995 at age 88, and her daughter Peggy died in 2000, at 74. Peggy McMartin Buckey was eventually released from custody on an almost $300,000 bail, while Ray would spend five years in jail before being released in 1989 on $1.5 million bail, reported The Washington Post. During the ritual, she claimed, Peggy drilled a child under the arms'' and ''Ray flew in the air, according to, Following Buckeys arrest in 1983, police reached out to 200 parents whose children attended the McMartin Preschool. As with her grandmother and three co-workers, the charges against her were dismissed in 1986 for lack of evidence. Kevin Cody, whose newspaper The Easy Reader covered the case, told CBSLA.comthat he has spoken to multipleof the children, whom he describes as happy, well-adjusted people. On Dec. 19, 1986, she was found dead in her home, and the coroners office listed her cause of death as fatty metamorphosis of the liver associated with alcoholism, according to, . He said that, as a child, he claimed to have been abused by Ray Buckey, even though he had never met him. They were reportedly forced to dig up one body per day. Beck doesnt suggest that the rhetoric in The Courage to Heal is echoed in some of the rhetoric surrounding sexual abuse today. MacFarlane believed that the children suffered from child sexual abuse accommodation syndrome, and would deny sexual abuse without special techniques designed to encourage disclosure. When Johnson initially questioned her son about the potential abuse, he denied that anything had happened the way that his mother was suggesting. The irony, of course, was that their fevered determination to protect children caused them harm and suffering instead. Police arrested Buckey on Sept. 7, 1983, but released him the same day, due to a lack of evidence, according to The Washington Post. McMartin died in 1995 at 88 after suffering a series of strokes, according to, Before her arrest, Peggy McMartin Buckey, Virginias daughter, was the main administrator of McMartin Preschool. He eventually quit the district attorneys office. One of the prosecutors was quoted as saying, "Kee MacFarlane could make a six month old baby say he was molested." The preliminary hearing lasted 20 months and cost $4 million. "With his partisan recounting of the child abuse panic of the 1980s, Beck turns what could have been a careful history about one facet of the . [4] Charges against the defendants eventually were dropped. She was just 42 years old. According to We Believe the Children: A Moral Panic in the 1980s, Peggy McMartin, the administrator of the school, believed that Johnson must have been experiencing "enormous stress to do something so rash." Coercive interview and interrogation tactics were used on children in many of the child sex abuse cases across the country. To this day, some of the former students who testified in the McMartin Preschool trials maintain that they were victims of abuse. [2], As part of her job at CII, MacFarlane interviewed 400 children for the McMartin preschool trial using anatomically correct dolls and hand puppets. 2023 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. The case has been in Los Angeles courts for five years. Daycare providers started physically distancing themselves from children out of fear that their actions could be construed as abuse. The leading questions and puppets used to pressure children into supporting allegations were revealed in videotaped interviews. In light of the tape, defense attorneys tried to get the charges against Ray and Peggy Buckey dropped, but the motion was denied by Judge Pounders. "I've been working with sexually abused children for 13 years,. mental stability was a major focus of the preliminary hearing. Under the direction of unlicensed psychotherapist Kee MacFarlane, 400 children were repeatedly interrogated with leading questions, until they started to fabricate stories of abuse. Kathleen 'Kee' MacFarlane [1] (born 1947) [2] is an American social worker known for involvement in the high-profile McMartin preschool trial in the 1980s. According to The Day Care Ritual Abuse Moral Panic, Johnson claimed that her son had come home with "a reddened anus and spent the night restless and whiny, finally responding to his mother's relentless questioning by saying the Buckey had taken his temperature recently." It took another two-and-a-half months for the jury to return with their verdict. Create a free profile to get unlimited access to exclusive videos, breaking news, sweepstakes, and more! Afteran allegation of child molestation and the arrest of a preschool teacher, the letter asked parents to investigate if their children had been victims. "There's just a lot of damage done," said publisher Kevin Cody, whose newspaper The Easy Reader featured extensive coverage of the case. Ms. MacFarlane, whose testimony in pretrial hearings concerned her use of games and picture coloring to get children to talk of the alleged abuse, told the judge that her romance with Satz began after the interviews were completed. When, in your best estimation, did that happen? he asked. " 'All the kids' mommies and dads now know what happened at the school, all the touching, all those sneaky little games.' Do you think by using that statement, and . Afterward, she applied to have her teaching credentials reinstated, but it was initially denied. And on September 7th, the police arrested Buckey under suspicion of child abuse. It gave many parents, particularly stay-at-home mothers, a sense of purpose and a role in bringing about political and social change. She was then released on almost $300,000 bail, according to, . Rubin reflected on the many changes that came about as a result of the McMartin trial, which affected criminal cases across the country. Investigations turning up empty Shutterstock Neither Ray nor Peggy were ultimately convicted of any crime. He even acknowledged the leading nature of the questions asked of the children, stating, "They were all contaminated.". By the time the Buckeys trial began in the spring 1987, the case against them had been reduced to 99 charges of molestation and one of conspiracy involving 14 children. She has since married someone else. Direct Examination by Prosecutor Roger Gunson: . By the end, even members of the prosecution were beginning to have their doubts about the case. Upon reviewing the original interviews, prosecutor Glenn Stevens became uncomfortable with Kee MacFarlanes "leading questions," as he called them in an interview with The Washington Post, and had misgivings about the medical evidence of abuse. By the time she was finished, over 350 out of the 400 children she interviewed made allegations of abuse against people who worked at McMartin preschool. One poll showed that 87 percent of respondents thought that the Buckeys were guilty. So did parents and law enforcement officials. Kevin Cody/Easy Reader, The first accuser, Judy Johnson, went to the Manhattan Beach police and claimed her two-and-a-half-year-old son had been sexually abused by Ray Buckey, which led to the criminal investigation of McMartin Preschool. The organization provided counseling and therapy to 400 former McMartin students and helped determine if abuse had occurred. Here are eight of the key players from the McMartin family preschool trials: The first accuser, Judy Johnson, went to the Manhattan Beach police and claimed her two-and-a-half-year-old son had been sexually abused by Ray Buckey, which led to the criminal investigation of McMartin Preschool. The defense team, however, brought in its own medical expert who refuted her findings, according to the Los Angeles Times. MacFarlanes findings and techniques were later criticized, as was her relationship with reporter Wayne Satz, who extensively covered the McMartin Preschool story for Los Angeles KABC, according to the Associated Press. According to Debbie Nathan and Michael Snedeker, the authors of 'Satan's Silence,' (Kee) MacFarlane had been a lobbyist for NOW before she set about terrifying the children of Manhattan Beach. He is previewing the testimony before jurors hear it. After the trial, Buckey attended law school, reported The Los Angeles Times. And at the same time, I had to keep it completely hidden and protected from my mom and the therapists.. After years of sensationalistic press coverage of the McMartin case, many were outraged by the Buckeys almost complete acquittal. There were also people like Ellen Bass, a poet turned activist, who piggybacked on abuse rhetoric at the tail end of the 80s hysteria, spinning off the 1988 bestselling self-help book, The Courage to Heal. They first faced 115, then later 321 charges involving 48 children, according to The New York Times. Check out never-before-seen content, free digital evidence kits, and much more! According to the Los Angeles Times, the boy claimed that after getting the coffin out, the teachers would cut the bodies up. Create your free profile and get access to exclusive content. Social worker Kee MacFarlane conducted and oversaw interviews, using sock puppets and anatomically correct dolls to make the children open up, reported People Magazine. "What did you say to the families of the children? It mentioned sex, fondling and said photos may have been taken of children without clothing, and all possibly under the pretense of taking the child's temperature. Satanic rituals and secret dark tunnels were also described. When the child said that they hadn't seen any naked children, the interviewer retorted "You must be dumb!" 5 distinct works. Before her arrest, Peggy McMartin Buckey, Virginias daughter, was the main administrator of McMartin Preschool. During this time, defense attorneys were also repeatedly asserting that the prosecution was withholding information about Judy Johnson's mental health. McMartin employed her daughter, Peggy McMartin Buckey, and Peggys two children, Peggy Ann and Raymond Ray Buckey. He . In 1990, she was found not guilty of all charges, saying, Ive gone through hell, and now we've lost everything, according to, . The scandal is considered to be a part of the moral panic that swept the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. The letter asked parents to ask their children about potential sexual abuse and suggested that photos may have been taken of naked children. The defense had suggested that Wayne Satz, a former KABC reporter, influenced the interviews that Kee MacFarlane conducted with children from the preschool as part of her job at Childrens Institute International. Johnson would later claim that her dog had been sodomized and her estranged husband molested one of their children, according to, In 1986, before the trial even began, she died of fatty metamorphosis of the liver associated with alcoholism, according to, Following Judy Johnsons initial complaint, police arrested Ray Buckey on Sept. 7, 1983, but he was released on the same day due to a lack of evidence, according to, . Following reports of sexual abuse at the school, McMartin was arrested in March 1984 on child molestation charges. Following Buckeys arrest in 1983, police reached out to 200 parents whose children attended the McMartin Preschool. D.) Although Ray Buckey was released the same day he was arrested based on lack of evidence, since Judy Johnson claimed that her son had provided the names of two other children at the school who were being abused, the police decided to reach out to parents for further evidence. Ray Buckey went to law school, according to the, While some of those who testified in the McMartin Preschool trials maintain that they were victims of abuse, a man named Kyle Zirpolo came forward in 2005 and told the. He was later indicted and arrested in March 1984, along with his grandmother, Virginia McMartin. During the preliminary hearing, the case started to unravel. There were also nationwide effects. [5] After graduation, MacFarlane became a lobbyist for the National Organization for Women[6] and grant evaluator for the National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect,[7] later becoming the Director of Children's Institute International (CII). Ray Buckey was acquitted on 39 of 52 charges and the rest resulted in a hung jury. Defense attorney Daniel Davisclaimed discrepancies in the alleged victims testimonies would cast doubt on the case, reported Los Angeles Times. She was the Director of Children's Ins*ute International. Although Johnson's son wasn't able to identify Buckey from a series of photos, the police searched Buckey's home and confiscated a graduation robe, a rubber duck, and Playboy magazines as "evidence." The preschool they built had been repeatedly vandalized and ultimately sold off to pay their legal bills. Kee MacFarlane, Childrens Institute International, Los Angeles CA. 1.0 out of 5 stars A rotten lie that ruined lives. , prosecutors determined there was insufficient evidence to prove them guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Most initially denied molestation, but were told other kids had revealed yucky secrets about what happened at the school, and were encouraged to do the same, according to The New York Times. Many other therapists and social workers who worked with children on ritualistic sex abuse cases in the 80s operated on the same dangerous assumption. And according to the Institute for Psychological Therapies, there were repeated attempts to find evidence of these secret rooms. "They are very happy, well-adjusted people.". The attorneys also argued that her credibility might be damaged if jurors knew about the relationship. He was retried later that year, resulting in a mistrial and all charges being dismissed, according to the, . By 1989, the number of charges had been reduced to 64, and the trial dragged on, according to the, In November 1989, after two and half years and testimony from 124 witnesses, a weary jury began deliberating the fates of Ray Buckey and Peggy McMartin Buckey. Pounders said that although the relationship has an impact on the case, he would allow only general testimony about the affair during Wednesdays hearing and no exploration of minute details, which he said would be prejudicial and might violate Ms. MacFarlanes privacy rights. According to The New York Times, the "McMartin seven" were initially hit with 115 counts of child abuse, and two months later 93 counts were added resulting in "321 counts involving 48 children." Beck attributes societys unwavering belief in the 80s child sex abuse cases to a number of forces that came together in America at that time: a conservative backlash against the counterculture that had dominated the 60s and 70s, with its rejection of law enforcement and authority; a similar backlash against the sexual revolution and feminism, which dismantled the nuclear family, sending women to work and children to day-care centers; homophobia linked to the AIDS epidemic and an attendant fear that men who were caretakers outside the home were pedophiles; the rise of conservative Christian evangelicals, many of whom had helped elect President Ronald Reagan and feared the proliferation of pornography. Buckey would spend the next five years in jail before being released in 1989 on $1.5 million bail. The McMartin Preschool trial has been appropriately called a fiasco, but in response to the fiasco, new investigative techniques in dealing with child abuse victims were established. Heger determined that 80 percent of the 150 children she examined had been abused, but she sometimes arrived at that conclusion even when she found no abrasions or variations. In November 1989, after two and half years and testimony from 124 witnesses, a weary jury began deliberating the fates of Ray Buckey and Peggy McMartin Buckey. Parents were encouraged to send their children to CII for two-hour interviews. But no evidenceno pornography, no semen, no corpseswas ever recovered. Heger is now a professor of pediatrics at the, and the founder and executive director of the, victims of family violence and sexual assault. Woodling hired an inexperienced assistant, Astrid Heger, to examine young girls hymens for microscopic abrasions and variations which, according to Woodlings (now-discredited) findings, often indicated sexual trauma. She was among those indicted and arrested in March 1984. LOS ANGELES (AP) _ The jury in the McMartin Pre-School molestation trial may not hear about a romance between a social worker who gathered evidence from children in the case and a newscaster who covered the story, a judge ruled Wednesday. Summarize this article for a 10 years old. Matthew had been complaining of an itchy anus and was obsessed with playing doctor, a game he said he played at school. Testimony by Kee MacFarlane,Director of Children's Instititute International Testimony by Kee MacFarlane,Director of Children's Instititute International Parent Category: McMartin Preschool Abuse Trial (1987-90) (Witness for the Prosecution) August 8, 1988 Direct Examination by Prosecutor Roger Gunson: Gunson: "What is your occupation?" Johnson believed that taking a temperature with a "thermometer" must have represented a penis, and concluded that 25-year-old Ray Buckey, the only man working at the preschool, must have sodomized her son. Amazon.com: Sexual Abuse of Young Children: Evaluation and Treatment: 9780898627039: Kee MacFarlane, Jill Waterman, Shawn Conerly, Linda Damon, Michael Durfee, . Afterward, she applied to have her teaching credentials reinstated, but it was initially denied. [13], MacFarlane went on to testify before Congress that she believed there was an organized, nationwide conspiracy of individuals and "orthodox satanic groups" sexually abusing children, although she never presented evidence of who any of the individuals were nor proof of any orthodox satanic groups. She was then released on almost $300,000 bail, according to The Washington Post. Almost exactly one year later, a former police officer who served as an investigator for the defense suicided himself at home. This was based on a convictionone she shared with Roland Summitthat medical professionals had a special social role to play in bringing the problem of child abuse out of the shadows, Beck writes. Peggy McMartin Buckey was eventually released from custody on an almost $300,000 bail, while Ray would spend five years in jail before being released in 1989 on $1.5 million bail, reported. Kee MacFarlane, an unlicensed therapist who worked with the nonprofit Children's International Institute, was hired by the Manhattan Beach district attorney's office to help investigate the. McMartin died in 1995 at 88 after suffering a series of strokes, according to The New York Times. CBS2 attempted to reach Ray Buckey for comment but wasunable to locate him. The CII investigation methods, such as its suggestive and leading questions to children and its use of dolls, would eventually be discredited. She and her granddaughter successfully sued the parent of one child for slander in 1991, but the plaintiffs were only awarded $1 each, according to the, . Overall, there was also lack of medical evidence and criticism of interview techniques. She would later claim that her dog had been sodomized and that her estranged husband molested one of their children, according to The Washington Post. Although the letter underlined that there was no evidence to suggest that the management of the preschool had any knowledge of the potential abuse, and according to The Day Care Ritual Abuse Moral Panic, told parents not to discuss the investigation with anyone outside of their immediate family, Manhattan Beach and the Los Angeles metropolitan area was soon flooded with rumors and panicked parents. In December 1985, the decision was made to drop the charges against everyone except Ray and Peggy Buckey. As with her grandmother and three co-workers, the charges against her were dismissed in 1986 for lack of evidence. More Buying Choices $1.42 (18 used & new offers) McMartin hadn't met Johnson or her son previously, but she decided to let him stay. TV Shows. Medical evidence was also repeatedly contradictory. "There is really no upside of this one.". Kathleen 'Kee' MacFarlane (born 1947) was the Director of Children's Institute International. The jury ended up acquitted Peggy Buckey of all charges. Jurors said videos of the Children's Institute International social workers interviewing the alleged victims particularly damaged the prosecutions case, as they appeared to show counselors suggesting the possibility of molestation before the children did, according to The Washington Post. . He later changed his name and relocated to the Northwest, where he lives with his wife and son, according to Uncovered: The McMartin Family Trials, premiering Saturday, July 27 at 7/6c on Oxygen. But Sandusky got away with serially molesting young boys for years not because people mistrusted childrens accusations, but because those accusations were covered up by the corrupt bureaucracy at the university. Family guy is an American adult sitcom created by Seth Mcfarlene for the Fox Broadcasting company. "I never did anything. Jurors said videos of the Children's Institute International social workers interviewing the alleged victims particularly damaged the prosecutions case, as they appeared to show counselors suggesting the possibility of molestation before the children did, according to, After years of sensationalistic press coverage of the McMartin case, many were outraged by the Buckeys almost complete acquittal. They were pretty distraught," Rubin replied. Afterwards, one of the jurors said that they "now realize how easily something can be said and misinterpreted and blown out of proportion." Ray Buckey was tried once more, but the second trial was a comparatively expedited version of the first trial, "involving only eight counts of molestation and three children." But the desperation to protect children at all costs in the 80s is not unlike the desperation to protect women on college campuses today amidst what many have declared an epidemic of campus rape. According to the Los Angeles Times, prosecutors determined there was insufficient evidence to prove them guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Following the Buckeys acquittals, MacFarlane claimed she was, naive in never having been part of a case like this,. The ensuing trial of McMartin owner Peggy McMartin Buckey and her son, Ray Buckey, would last for nearly three years. Beck points out that corroborating evidence then became a superfluous adjunct to a truth the therapist already knew.. But Pounders ruled he was protected from testifying by Californias news reporter shield law. Sign up forOxygen Insiderfor all the best true crime content. In January 1990, Buckey was acquitted on most of the charges, with the jury deadlocked on another 13 counts, according to The Washington Post. On September 8th, Harry L. Kuhlmeyer, Jr., Manhattan Beach Chief of Police, sent a letter to 200 families of children previously or currently enrolled at McMartin Preschool. The jury found the mother and son not guilty on 52 counts of child molestation, but remained deadlocked on 12 molestation charges against Ray Buckey and a single count of conspiracy against Ray and Peggy, according to the Associated Press. She began going to therapy shortly afterward and tells Beck that was where all the trauma happened.. Crime News is your destination for true crime stories from around the world, breaking crime news, and information about Oxygen's original true crime shows and documentaries. Raymond Buckey, 30, and his mother, Peggy McMartin Buckey, 61, are on trial on 100 molestation and conspiracy charges linked to their now defunct McMartin Pre-School in Manhattan Beach. "I just can't imagine ever molesting a child.". Social worker Kee MacFarlane conducted and oversaw interviews, using sock puppets and anatomically correct dolls to make the children open up, reported, Children described being molested by groups of men and women, including teachers at McMartin Preschool, in public bathrooms, the backroom of a meat market or in tunnels beneath the school, according to, On March 22, 1984, seven employees of the McMartin Preschool were indicted, including Virginia McMartin, then 76, Peggy McMartin Buckey, Peggy Ann Buckey, Ray Buckey, and employees Mary Ann Jackson, Babette Spitler and Betty Raidor. I had rooms in my brain where I needed to think very clearly, and be honest with myself, and try really hard to remember if anything happened, she tells Beck. The videotape of Stevens' interview confirmed the prosecution's role in actively withholding this information, in addition to various other exculpatory evidence. Also, photos may have been taken of children without their clothing., The letter mentioned the suspect by name, saying, Any information from your child regarding having ever observed Ray Buckey to leave a classroom alone with a child during any nap period, or if they have ever observed Ray Buckey tie up a child, is important.. There was a problem filtering reviews right now. One of the prosecutors was quoted as saying, "Kee MacFarlane could make a six month old baby say he was molested.". Concern in the 80s that children would be similarly re-traumatized led the state of California to pass a law allowing children under 14 to testify outside the courtroom via closed-circuit televisions. One boy claimed he saw Buckey beat a horse to death with a baseball bat. They would eventually be charged with 65 counts of child molestation of the preschool students. In August 1983, Judy Johnson placed a call to the police claiming that her 2-year-old son had suffered sexual abuse at McMartin Preschool. The jury found the mother and son not guilty on 52 counts of child molestation, but remained deadlocked on 12 molestation charges against Ray Buckey, and a single count of conspiracy against Ray and Peggy, according to, . Our investigation indicates that possible criminal acts include: oral sex, fondling of genitals, buttock or chest area, and sodomy, possibly committed under the pretense of taking the child's temperature, read the letter. According to Times reporting, Johnsons. She received a bachelor's degree in fine arts in Ohio and later received her master's degree in social work. A faith-based pursuit of justice can lead to a miscarriage of justice. A pediatrician who medically examined and photographed the children involved in the investigation, Astrid Heger testified she found physical evidence of molestation in 10 of 13 alleged victims, according to the Los Angeles Times. Perhaps he did not want to be wade into that fraught feminist debate. Were not trying to demonstrate that Wayne Satz obtained information from Kee MacFarlane to enhance his career, said defense attorney Dean Gits. On March 4th, 1985, several parents went to McMartin Preschool and dug random holes "two to three feet deep in the ground.". Also arrested were Buckeys mother, sister Peggy Ann Buckey, and several co-workers, who were charged with a combined 115 counts later increased to 321, according to The New York Times. Wayne Satz obtained information from kee MacFarlane to enhance his career, said defense attorney Daniel Davisclaimed discrepancies the! Up one body per day Buckey under suspicion of child molestation of the moral that. 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