Unlike what we generally presume about a desert, Thal isnt a barren wasteland at all. Millions of people had to leave their farms and seek a living in other parts of the country.Desertification is an increasing problem. Precipitation throughout the country generally is erratic, and its volume is highly variable. The Peninsular plateau 4. :z]1I, # mbQg[r)0d&ij?0)9eD VV%g`ehv-OvOq3Q[qK"Dj+~ The surface consists of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over the past 1.8 million years. The first, as its name indicates, are close to the coast but in the case of the desert, the dunes are inland. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. Engaged in the production of a variety of handcrafted items including the very famous Cholistani Khussas, the cottage industry in the Cholistan Desert serves as the economic engine of the region. Nanoclay keeps the sand moist, clumping it together and preventing it from blowing away.Deserts Get HotterRising temperatures can have huge effects on fragile desert ecosystems. Both Islam and Hinduism are practiced, and the population is divided into complex economic and social groups. A soaking rain can change a desert into a wonderland of flowers almost overnight. It means that the land of Pakistan is different in various regions from its type. 2 of 5 questions answered correctly. However, the very mode of soil formation gives rise to their diversification even within small areas. The desert is variously known as the Cholistan or Rohi Desert in Bahawalpur and the Pat or Thar Desert in Sindh. Daytime temperatures in the Chihuahua can climb beyond 37C (100F), while nighttime temperatures can dip below freezing (0C or 32F). https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Topography_of_Pakistan&oldid=1117077755, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 October 2022, at 20:30. The amount of annual rainfall in the desert is generally low, ranging from about 4 inches (100 mm) or less in the west to about 20 inches (500 mm) in the east. The Thar Desert covers some 77,000 square miles (200,000 square km) of territory. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. Sunny skies. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. Today, people value desert resources and biodiversity. More than 30 percent of the grasslands of Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia are faced with desertification.People often overuse natural resources to survive and profit in the short term, while neglecting long-term sustainability. Wind Cyclones are also a common occurrence in the desert. >> The desert is widely known for its extremely arid climatic conditions. The Sukkur Barrage on the Indus River, completed in 1932, irrigates the southern Thar region in Pakistan by means of canals, and the Gang Canal carries water from the Sutlej River to the northwest. In the submontane areas under subhumid conditions these soils are noncalcareous and have slightly higher organic content. Relief and natural regions. Overgrazing and deforestation remove plants that anchor the soil. 1. It has deserts, coastal areas, mountains, and plateaus. Almost the entire continent of Antarctica is a polar desert, experiencing little precipitation. Our country has all the features that one expects from a country. States of the Colorado River Basin continue to negotiate today to prepare for population growth, agricultural development, and the possibility of future droughts.Life in the DesertPlants and animals adapt to desert habitats in many ways. A severe quake in 1931 was followed by an even more destructive one in 1935. Saguaro cactuses, which live in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and northern Mexico, expand like accordions to store water in the cells of their trunks and branches. List of 5 Famous Deserts of Pakistan: 1. A turban is similar to a kaffiyeh, but wrapped around the head instead of being secured with an agal. Hydroelectric power is supplied by the Nangal power plant located on the Sutlej River in Punjab. Archaeologists in the Sahara have been unsuccessfully looking for the Lost Army of Cambyses ever since.Water in the DesertRain is usually the main source of water in a desert, but it falls very rarely. Although temperatures outside varied greatly from day to night, temperatures inside did not. Shallow residual soils have developed along the slopes and in the broken hill country. More than half of the proven oil reserves in the world lie beneath the sands of the Arabian Desert, mostly in Saudi Arabia. The Thal canal system, which draws water from the barrage, has turned parts of the desert into fertile cultivated land. Lowest point: Sea level The Indo - Gangetic plain 3. Pakistan is located in between four countries and the border of Pakistan touches China, India, Afghanistan, Iran. Insects such as moths and flies are abundant in the desert. Mountain soils are both residual (i.e., formed in a stationary position) and transported. There are coastal areas along the Arabian Sea and mountains of the Karakoram Range in the north part of Pakistan. These soils vary in texture, chemical composition, colour, and organic content from place to place. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? The Cholistan desert spans an area of 16,000 square kilometers. Dunes migrate constantly with the wind. They are important in forming the monsoon type of climate in India. Heavy rains . Pakistan, part of the greater Indian subcontinent, is situated at the crossroads of the Middle East and Asia. Groundwater comes from rain or other precipitation, like snow or hail. Rapidly expanding populations in California, Nevada, and Arizona have compounded the problem. Local desert communities can divert rivers on a smaller scale. Topography and Drainage. A large saguaro is a living storage tower that can hold hundreds of liters of water.Other desert plants have very deep roots. TheThar Desertspans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas ofPakistanandIndia. The Thar Desert receives very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year) 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Much of the coastal region is arid desert with sand dunes and large volcanic mountainous features. The shallow lakes that form in basins eventually evaporate, leaving playas, or salt-surfaced lake beds. The city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, sits in the Arabian Desert. South of this region, cultivation is confined mainly to riverine strips until the advent of irrigation. What are the relief features that are found in the Northern plains? It is extensively farmed for wheat, rice sugarcane and Cotton. In Pakistan, it spreads over Punjab and Sindh starting fromTharparkar Districtin the east. The Nile River ecosystem dominates the eastern part of the Sahara Desert, for instance. In January 1991 a severe earthquake destroyed entire villages in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, but far fewer people were killed in the quake than died in 1935. The Thal Desert is located in northeastern Pakistan between the Indus and Jhelum rivers. The largest desert is the Kharan Desert which occupies the most of Kharan District. Several playas (saline lake beds), locally known as dhands, are scattered throughout the region. 2) Rajmahal Hills are formed from rocks dating from the Jurassic Period. The resulting cooler, drier air mass moves away from the Equator. These activities include overgrazing of livestock, deforestation, overcultivation of farmland, and poor irrigation practices. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Most experts agree that a desert is an area of land that receives no more than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation a year. Nomads move frequently so their flocks of sheep and goats will have water and grazing land.Besides animals like camels and goats, a variety of desert vegetation is found in oases and along the shores of rivers and lakes. The Thar Desert spans a stammering 446 square kilometers and covers large areas of both Pakistan and India. The population density is very low due to the mountainous terrain and scarcity of water. . The world's largest desert is located in Antarctica. Over time, the Ghaggar changed course and now only flows during the rainy monsoon season. Other subtropical deserts include the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa and the Tanami Desert in northern Australia.Coastal DesertsCold ocean currents contribute to the formation of coastal deserts. The high plain of the Indus Plain is also called . Heat prevents microbes from converting nutrients to nitrates, which are necessary for almost all living things. Older dunes, however, are in a semi-stabilized or stabilized condition, and many rise to a height of almost 500 feet (150 metres) above the surrounding areas. A jackrabbits long ears contain blood vessels that release heat. A large canal-building project is currently underway to irrigate the land. Sheep are bred for both medium-fine and rough wool. There are green mountains and dry mountains, land rich for cultivating, and waterfalls. Death Valley, the lowest and driest place in North America, is in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada mountains. Indian Relief Features The Great Himalayas The Himalayas are a group of geologically young and structurally fold mountains that extend past the northernmost limits of India. Greens vehicle, the ThrustSSC, was the first car to break the sound barrier.Wind is the primary sculptor of a deserts hills of sand, called dunes. The Sulaiman Mountains dominate the northeast corner, and the Bolan Pass is a natural route into Afghanistan towards Kandahar. The desert boasts some incredibly distinct natural features. The partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 left most of the irrigation canals fed by the rivers of the Indus system in Pakistani territory, while a large desert region remained unirrigated on the Indian side of the border. These polar deserts contain great quantities of water, but most of it is locked in glaciers and ice sheets year-round. Plateau Mountains The Sindh . The Colorado River, for instance, flows through three deserts in the American Southwest: the Great Basin, the Sonoran, and the Mojave. Agreements that were made in the early 20th century failed to account for Native American water rights. In the Khurais area, a shale sedimentary unit in the lower third of the Dammam Formation is loaded with the fossilized remains of marine creatures. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. Answer (4) Gobi Desert. This has happened among the states in the Colorado River Basin, which have negotiated for many years over the division of the rivers water. The Sindh. In India, it covers about 320,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi), of which 60% is in Rajasthan and extends into Gujarat , Punjab, an d Haryana. Flat areas are smooth on the map, areas with steep slopes and mountains appear more rough. . Tilla Jogian, second highest peak in Potwar Deserts In Pakistan Deserts: 1. Pakistan is one of the few countries in the world that has all regions. The coastal plains 5. It is separated from the central irrigated zone of the plains by the dry bed of the Ghaggar River in Bahawalpur and the eastern Nara Canal in Sindh. Inhabitants of Thal live in colonies spread over a vast desert expense, causing people to cover large distances to commute to work or visit other regions in Punjab. In the delta the estuarine soils are excessively saline and barren. In the Indian part of the desert, a second line goes from Merta Road to Suratgarh via Bikaner, and another connects Jodhpur and Jaisalmer. They usually shift a few meters a year, but a particularly violent sandstorm can move a dune 20 meters (65 feet) in a single day.Sandstorms may bury everything in their pathrocks, fields, and even towns. Interior deserts are sometimes called inland deserts.The Gobi Desert, in China and Mongolia, lies hundreds of kilometers from the ocean. Syllabus: Geography - Physical Geography of the world.. The uniqueness of Pakistans topography is also backed by the fact that around 10% of its total land has been covered with different types of barren lands, commonly known as deserts. About 85 per cent of Thar Desert is in India and the rest is in Pakistan. High elevations modify the climate in the cold, snow-covered northern mountains; temperatures on the Balochistan plateau are somewhat higher. In fact, it gets covered with lush green vegetation during February and March as the local farmers use the desert land for the cultivation of green chickpeas. Much of Pakistan's land area comprises either deserts or mountains. The highest temperature on Earth was recorded there:56.7 C (134.1 F).The largest polar desert is Antarctica, at 13 million square kilometers (5 million square miles). Windbreaks made of trees have been planted throughout the Sahel, the southern border region of the Sahara Desert. Similar lush conditions existed as recently as 25,000 years ago. Thar is the largest desert of Pakistan. Camels, nicknamed ships of the desert, are widely used for transportation, meat, and milk in the Maghreb (a region in Northwest Africa), the Middle East, and the Indian Subcontinent.People and the DesertAbout 1 billion people live in deserts. Most of the deserts inhabitants reside in rural areas and are distributed in varying densities. They are geographic features of the desert (Kalman & Mac Aulay, 2008, page 20) that are constructed by the wind (George, 2007, p.195) with soft, uniform layers. The 20-inch (500-mm) precipitation line, which runs northwest from near Lahore, marks off the Potwar Plateau and a part of the Indus plain in the northeast; these areas receive enough rainfall for dry farming (farming without irrigation). [7sa6 Cholistan desert hosts an annual Jeep rally, known asCholistan Desert Jeep Rallywhich is the biggest motor sports event in Pakistan. Light rains often evaporate in the dry air, never reaching the ground. These features differ from those of wetter regions, which are often gently rounded by regular rainfall and softened by lush vegetation.Water helps carve desert lands. The name Indus comes from the Sanskrit word "sindhu", meaning "ocean", from which also come the words Sindh, Hindu, and India. They are bounded to the north-west by the Hindu Kush mountain range and to the north by the Karakoram. They produce food in their green stems.Some desert plants, such as cactuses, have shallow, wide-spreading root systems. In February every year, a Desert Festival is conducted in the city of Jaisalmer. About 90 percent of the total annual rainfall occurs during the season of the southwest monsoon, from July to September (see also Indian monsoon). National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Plains: The plains here are famous for their fertility and high agricultural production. As it approaches the tropics, the air descends and warms up again. Under maritime influence, precipitation increases slightly to about 6 inches (155 mm) at Hyderabad and 8 inches (200 mm) at Karachi. During a sudden storm, water scours the dry, hard-baked land, gathering sand, rocks, and other loose material as it flows. Sometimes, rock is carved into tablelike formations such as mesas and buttes. Although humidity is high, the atmospheric changes that normally cause rainfall are not present. The desert vegetation is mostly herbaceous or stunted scrub; drought-resistant trees occasionally dot the landscape, especially in the east. Much of the province south of the Quetta region is sparse desert terrain with pockets of inhabitable land, mostly near rivers and streams. This type of dune has more than two crests (usually 3 or 4) that resemble the arms of a star, which are united in a central point whose height can ascend to 90 meters (Araucania Geological Routes, 2017). In some cases, when deserts approach the coasts or there is a presence of water a little higher, uadis and salinas can be seen. Elephants, gazelles, rhinos, giraffes, and people used stream-fed pools and lakes.There were three or four other moist periods in the Sahara. Found in different regions across the country, the deserts of Pakistan are best-known for their unique features, which also differentiates them from each other. Coal of a medium quality is also found. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Mayo, Khewra Salt Mine, Warcha and Kalabagh, which yield vast supplies of salt. TheCold Desertis a high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion. [2] The Sutlej river, however, is mostly on the Indian side of the border. The Desert, and lastly. Sand lizards, native to the deserts of Europe and Asia, are nicknamed dancing lizards because of the way they quickly lift one leg at a time off the hot desert sand. They include:-. The local people speak the Potwari language. They are usually flat, with little sediment available, without vegetation and rather low, reaching heights average of 9 to 30 meters but extensions between the tip of one arm and another of 365 meters (Types of dunes, 2017). Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. They have east to west in directionHimalayas, Karakoram. Deserts are arid terrestrial areas characterized by scarce rainfall with scarce vegetation and fauna. The air then cools and forms clouds that drop moisture on the windward (wind-facing) slopes. The Supreme Court on Tuesday refused to entertain Delhi Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia's plea challenging his arrest in connection with the excise policy case. The above map of Pakistan was created using a digital elevation model. These windbreaks anchor the soil and prevent sand from invading populated areas.In Chinas Tengger Desert, researchers have developed another way to control wandering dunes. Fennec fox communities work together to dig large burrows, some as large as 93 square meters (1,000 square feet). Answer: I. Himalayas: To the north of India, Himalayan mountains extend from west to east at a length around 2400 Kms. Relief features of the Tharparkar desert Get the answers you need, now! Climatologists identify this period as the Green Sahara.Archaeological evidence of past settlements is abundant in the middle of what are arid, unproductive areas of the Sahara today. However, sugar cane is also harvested in the deserts of Pakistan and Australia. Thar Desert, also called Great Indian Desert, arid region of rolling sand hills on the Indian subcontinent. Relief features are not any pattern of drainage where water channels are available. Basins of Northern Balochistan The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. Patagonia is a major agricultural region where non-native species such as cattle and sheep graze on grassland. In all deserts, there is little water available for plants and other organisms.Deserts are found on every continent and cover about one-fifth of Earths land area. Jacobabad, in Sindh, has recorded the highest temperature in Pakistan, 127 F (53 C). 9 K$ The surface of the desert is a wild maze of sand dunes and sand ridges. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. By the time air masses from coastal areas reach the interior, they have lost all their moisture. Some deserts are mountainous. Pakistan is situated on the edge of a monsoonal (i.e., wet-dry) system. Air blowing toward shore, chilled by contact with cold water, produces a layer of fog. 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relief features of deserts of pakistan