SPLATTER •Determine the area / location of origin of blood source •If found on suspect, may place at crime scene •Determine mechanism by which it was created •Impact Projection •GSW-castoff •Beating-arterial •Satellite-expiated What can analysis of blood spatter tell an investigator? Note 1: Satellite spatter are small drops of blood that are distributed around the perimeter of a drop or drops of blood and were produced as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. • Describe the extent of peripheral satellite spattering Post-lab question -Discuss what effect changing the dropping heights had on the resulting stains. This can be an individual activity. blood spatter Bloodstain Analysis Experiments 11 Activity 5 How can you work out the angle of impact from a blood stain? Parent Stain - A bloodstain from which a satellite stain originated. The drop shown above would have more than likely been dropped from an angle of. Repeat steps 2 through 6 on the 5 pieces of scrap copy paper, each time raising the dropper an additional 20 cm to a maximum of 180 cm. There is a difference between blood spatter patterns, blood drip stains, and blood transfer patterns. Spines- The pointed edges of a stain that radiate out form the spatter; can help determine the direction from which the blood traveled. tension of blood causes it to take on a spherical shape upon separating from the source. 1. Parent drop: The droplet from which satellite spatter originated. Know the percentages of the blood types in the United States 1. Saturation. Projected Pattern. Above is a picture of what blood spatter looks like when a person is moving at a slow, walking pace. The research needs outlined by SWGSTAIN include a better understanding of discriminating between bloodstain patterns containing small stains (present in both impact and satellite spatter), how blood interacts with different types of fabric, and developing new . Chapter 8. The protrusions around and connected to the drops are called. Since a blood drop is oscillating while falling how would the interpretation of angle of impact . The two types of spatter were analyzed in a quantitative manner through the use of ImageJ. Satellite Spatter Small droplets of blood that are distributed around a drop or pool of blood as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. This can be done using strings, a useful technique for presenting the evidence visually to a jury. Distinguish between the blood spatter formed at the point of contact with satellite blood droplets. Spatter-- That blood which has been dispersed as a result of force applied to a source of blood. 7. This can be an individual activity. • Origin/Source - The place from where the blood spatter came from or originated. 8. Blood spatter from a high-velocity incident like a suicide bombing will create a cast-off pattern much different from a low-velocity pattern like a gunshot or stabbing. adhesiveness. 8. What can analysis of blood spatter tell an investigator? Describe a brief history of the use of blood and blood-spatter analysis in forensics. 2. It is possible to tell that a person is walking slowly because the spatter is in the shape of an almost perfect circle. Mist Pattern - A bloodstain pattern resulting from blood reduced to a spray of micro-drops as a result of the force applied. A bloodstain resulting from an accumulation of liquid blood on a surface. Impact blood spatter. Small secondary droplets around the main blood spatter drop are called: The lines in the picture are illustrate the points/lines of ___. Angle of impact (blood spatter) The acute angle formed between the direction of a blood drop and the plane of the surface it strikes. The length and width measurements from Activity 3, Table 4 (Sheet B, unknown information) will be used. Forensic terminology such as spatter, satellite spatters, and spines, area of convergence, area of origin used for . The bloodstains were qualitatively analyzed with and without macroscopic magnification. lines of convergence. blood spatter. 16 Questions Show answers. Ch 8 Spatter 1 Blood Spatter History •1894 Pitoroski wrote earliest reference to bloodspatter analysis •In 1939, Balthazard was first to analyze the meaning of the spatter pattern. Directionality -- The directionality of a bloodstain or pattern which indicates the direction the blood was traveling when it impacted the target surface. Everything you need to teach your Forensic Science students Blood Evidence! 8.7 tain blood types within a population. 3. The effect of surface roughness on generation of satellite stains in bloodstains. 35 Notice that spikes are still connected to the main droplet whereas ). $12.50. 16 Questions Show answers. The parent stain, the stain from which satellite stains originate, has a distribution of spatter stains surrounding it, one example is drip patterns. A bloodstain from which a satellite stain originated. 8.5 8.6 Describe how to screen for the presence of human blood. Passive spatters regularly produce satellite spatters, which are small drops of blood that break of from the parent spatter when the blood droplet hits a surface as a result of the viscosity and speed with which the spatter traveled. 2 A singular drop that was expelled from Abstract Patterns produced are often characteristic of the nature of the forces which created them. Satellite Spatter -- Small droplets of blood that are distributed around a drop or pool of blood as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. Parent Drop Spines Satellite Spatters • Parent Drop - The droplet from . simulated crime scenes such as fingerprint analysis, ballistics, and blood spatter analysis. Blood which has been reduced to a fine spray, as a result of the energy or force applied to it. Calculate the angle of impact (i) using your Trigonometry Table.Make sure you do not include any tails or satellite stains in your measurements. Repeat steps 2 through 6 on the 5 pieces of scrap copy paper, each time raising the dropper an additional 20 cm to a maximum of 180 cm. Digital using Google Slides, perfect for in class or distance learning. 8.4 Describe how to determine the blood type of a sample of blood. At an impact angle of 90°, satellite spatter and spines may be evident around the entire stain. Pool. The protrusions around and connected to the drops are called. blood spatter Bloodstain Analysis Experiments Activity 5 How can you work out the angle of impact from a blood stain? Q. Distinguish between the terms cohesion and adhesion. Compare and contrast the blood spatter produced from different heights. The point where all of the stains come together is the point of the convergence. • Origin/Source - The place from where the blood spatter came from or originated. designed experiments to compare and contrast bloodstain spatters Higher velocity blood droplets again may produce satellite formed on angled surfaces with spatters formed on flat spatter upon impact with the cloth surface [46]. Research and list one of these reagents, and explain if there are special circumstances in which it can be used. 8. David Silverman/Getty Images Blood behaves not unlike spilled water droplets, and the speed at which the droplets travel when they strike a surface — known to analysts as a . Traditionally practitioners of blood-pattern analysis trace a straight-line from the stain at the impact angle to reveal where the blood originated. 7. • Satellite Spatters - Small drops Satellite Spatters of blood that break of from the Spines parent spatter when the blood droplet hits a surface. 31. An altered stain that consists of the peripheral characteristics of the original stain. 2. It will include understanding the makeup of blood, determining the various blood types in the population, and of course blood spatter analysis. There are several types of chemical reagents that can be used to detect blood. FSB09 blood spatter Bloodstains - Angle of impact i Measure the width and length of each bloodstain. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Terms • Spatter - Bloodstains created from the application of force to the area where the blood originated. After impact, the blood drop can gain tails (elongation), crowns, spines, and satellites. When determining angle of impact of a blood spot - one assumption made is that the blood drop hitting the target surface is spherical. In blood spatter analysis, the residual bloodstains left at the scene of a crime are used to determine the point of origin of a particular bloodletting event and the type of trauma that led to the bloodstain (e.g., gunshot, blunt force, sharp object, etc. Satellite Spatter: Definition. Impact spatter was reproduced by a mousetrap apparatus and satellite spatter was simulated by dripping drops of blood into a volume stain. • Angle of Impact - The angle at which a blood droplet strikes a surface. a random distribution of blood stains that vary in size and that may be produced by a variety of mechanisms. Projected blood: Blood under pressure that strikes a target. A large part of this section deals with the reconstruction of violent crime scenes based on the shape, size, and position of blood spatter, or blood stain, evidence. When the blood contacts another surface or additional blood on the surface. dripped into blood. Low-velocity stains can result from an applied force moving at up to 5 feet per second Medium-Velocity Spatter o This type of impact spatter is normally associated with blunt-force trauma to an individual or with other . 1 _ The space in two dimensions to which the directionalities of spatter stains can be retraced to determine the position of the spatter producing event. Clean up your area and put the materials away. • Angle of Impact - The angle at which a blood droplet strikes a surface. Low-Velocity Spatter o This kind of spatter is normally produced by gravity alone, by a minimal force, or by an object dropping into and splashing blood from a blood pool. The blood will only change shape from impact. . Satellite Spatters: small drops of blood that break off from the parent spatter when the parent droplet strikes a target surface Shadowing/Ghosting/Void : a pattern that helps to place an object or body in the scene; target. Using the area of origin, angle of impact, and satellite droplets, blood spatter analysts can determine the general manner of the crime. Satellite Spatter Small droplets of blood that are distributed around a drop or pool of blood as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. Spatter resulting from a combination of beating, gunshot, arterial spurting, expirated blood and secondary and satellite spatter occur and the range of spatter seen with each form of impact will overlap to some degree, so it's important to consider all possibilities when making an interpretation of any blood spatter pattern. 1. On the drop of blood below, label: parent drop, spines, satellite spatters . Satellite blood spatter. It is crucial that blood patterns are . Small droplets of blood that are distributed around the perimeter of a drop or pool of blood and were produced as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. Blood spatter analysts must take into account the surface as well as the trajectory of the blood in order to determine the facts of the crime scene. Spatter -- That blood which has been dispersed as a result of force applied to a source of blood. There are several types of chemical reagents that can be used to detect blood. What is the difference between low and medium velocity of impact spatter? However, Short was not able to visualize spatter on denim, due to dark color of the denim and lack of contrast between the blood and denim surface. answer choices . #1 A Single Drop: A single drop of blood, falling vertically and forming an evenly spread spherical shape shows that the victim was standing and motionless at the time they bled, with the blood stain being more tear-drop shaped, the greater the victim moves. Carter et al. During the formation of a drop of blood, blood leaks out from a blood source. Clean up your area and put the materials away. • Spines - The pointed edges of a stain that radiate out from the spatter; can help determine the direction from which the blood Parent Drop traveled. 1 Geometry of blood spatter. A line is drawn that follows the direction of each bloodstain. 10. which could lead to 'satellite' blood droplets. The location where the blood spatter is more or less round shaped gives an indication of the height where the impact on the blood source has taken place. There is a pooling of blood or some combination of blood and liquid exhibiting overlapping drips or spines A blood into blood pattern is produced when drops fall into another stain and a volume accumulates on the target. . 4. By this picture the person must be walking northwest because in that direction the satellite spikes are longer. Spatter vs. • Increasing drop height leads to an increased number of satellite stains generated. small drops of blood that break off from the parent spatter when the parent droplet strikes a target surface. The length and width measurements from Activity 3, Table 4 (Sheet B, unknown information) will be used. the point in space where the blood splatter came from 3D. A blood drop striking a smooth surface at a 90° angle will result in an almost circular stain; there is little elongation, and the spines and satellites are fairly evenly distributed around the outside of the drop. These bloodstains typically refer to blood drops that have fallen vertically, whether it be from an injured person or another object, and landed onto another surface. small drops of blood that break off from the parent spatter when the parent droplet strikes a target surface. Skeletonization: Definition. Blood Spatter Lab Part 1: Height . Secondary spatter is a result of an event other than the blood loss event and refers to satellite spatter. satellite drops. BPA Terms Satellite Spatter Parent Drop Spines The impact of the drop into the liquid on the target results in a significant increase of secondary spatter. •In 1971, Dr. Herbert MacDonnell used blood spatter as a tool in modern forensic examination Blood Spatter Analysis Flow. (§130.295) . Can travel long distances. blood spatter to determine the two-dimensional point of convergence. We also see satellite spatter when blood is being. Luminol is used by forensic investigators to detect trace amounts of blood left at crime scenes as it reacts with iron found in hemoglobin. Very few studies have compared impact spatter specifically to satellite spatter. 3. SURVEY . • Spatter - Bloodstains created from the application of force to the area where the blood originated. When drops of blood hit the floor at an angle, they produce elliptical stains, where their width-to-length ratio gives that impact angle. Term. Q. Can travel long distances. Typically at a crime scene, especially with stabbings, we wanna look for these drip patterns. The molecules of a blood drop are held together by the cohesion force to maintain the shape of a blood drop (Figure 2.2). 2. Origin: The point in space where the blood spatter came from. Perimeter Stain . Small secondary droplets around the main blood spatter drop are called: The lines in the picture are illustrate the points/lines of ___. Parent Drop Spines Satellite Spatters • Parent Drop - The droplet from which a Question: If a bloodstain has satellite spatter to the right of the main stain, what was the direction of travel? Arterial Spray Resulting from blood exiting the body under pressure from a breached artery. Blood Splatter Analysis o Satellite droplets— • When blood falls from a height, or at a high velocity, • It overcomes its natural cohesiveness, and • Separates from the main droplet o Spiking patterns— • Form around the droplet edges when blood falls onto a less-than-smooth surface Therefore, most blood spatter begins with a perfect circle. 3. $14.50. An absence of blood in an otherwise continuous bloodstain or bloodstain pattern. The size and appearance of this stain will depend on a number of factors. What blood spatter pattern is created when a source of blood remains stationary over a surface causing an accumulation of blood? Google Drive™ folder. Perimeter Stain. . Transfer A blood drop at room temp will be completely dried in 60 min Blood usually starts to dry after 50 sec Sources of Blood Spatter Impact Spatter 3 classifications : low, medium, and high velocity spatter Low velocity Normally produced by gravity alone, by a minimal force, or by an object dropping into and splashing blood from . Spiking patterns Form around the droplet edges when blood falls onto a less-than-smooth surface. satellite spatter. The two types of spatter were analyzed in a quantitative manner through the use of ImageJ. INTERNATIONAL MEDICO-LEGAL REPORTER JOURNAL, VOL, 3, ISSUE-2, MAY-AUGUST, 2020. INTERNATIONAL MEDICO-LEGAL REPORTER Blood. The surface ten-sion of the blood causes it to hang from the opening of a blood source and to form a pendant drop of blood (Figure 2.1). Includes Blood Typing and Blood Spatter Evidence.In this Bundle:Blood Typing Digital Lesson and Activity - NO PREP! Bundle. Variation in size and shape of the blood spatter is clearly visible. Spatter. Q. Luminol Chemical that is used by forensic investigators to detect trace amounts of blood left at crime scenes, as it reacts with . Form a hypothesis about the effect of height on the size and shape of blood-spatter droplets. What antigens are present in a person with type B- blood . Directionality of Angle of Impact The direction of blood striking an object is determined using the pattern it makes. Satellite Spatters- Small drops of blood that break off from the parent spatter when the blood droplet hits a surface. Observe if splines and satellite drops were formed and record your observations in Data Table 2. There are eight primary blood patterns. A form of pattern formed from blood falling into other blood; usually larger volumes or dropping from higher heights resulting in more satellite spatters. Blood spatter analysis includes the process of examining blood that has struck a surface, and applying knowledge regarding the. Pool . To further define which direction the droplet is traveling in reference to its long axis, satellite spatter, scallops, or spines (pointed edges of a stain that radiate out from the spatter) are used. Blood Spatter Analysis - Part A Background Knowledge Blood spatter patterns are often present at the scenes of violent crimes. Below 75°, spines begin to become more prominent on the side of the spatter opposite the angle of impact. Q. As a blood drop falls perpendicular to a surface it maintains a spherical form until impacting. Satellite Spatter-- Small droplets of blood that are distributed around a drop or pool of blood as a result of the blood impacting the target surface. Q. satellite spatter. Tags: Question 34 . Research and list one of these reagents, and explain if there are special circumstances in which it can be used. Luminol Chemical that is used by forensic investigators to detect trace amounts of blood left at crime scenes, as it reacts with . How far can blood spatter travel? A bloodstain from which a satellite stain originated. cohesiveness. • spines—protrusions from the parent blood drop—protrusions from the parent blood drop • satellite spatter—smaller droplets that leave parent drop and land ne—smaller droplets that leave parent drop and land nearar it it • disruption of surface tension and cohesive propertiedisruption of surface tension and cohesive propertiess of blood due to … On the drop of blood below, label: parent drop, spines, satellite spatters . 4. Impact spatter was reproduced by a mousetrap apparatus and satellite spatter was simulated by dripping drops of blood into a volume stain. Distinguish between spikes and satellites on blood spatter. blood stains caused by contact between a wet blood-bearing surface and a second surface which may or may not have blood on it. The bloodstains were qualitatively analyzed with and without macroscopic magnification. Students will learn the history, legal aspects, and career options for forensic science. 120 seconds . 8.8 8.9 Examine stab wounds and describe the nature . A blood spatter analyst may take photographs and notes at a crime scene. In this activity students will calculate the angle of impact of 4 blood droplets. It is used mostly to study homicide or other violent crimes in which blood is present and can help in crime scene reconstruction. • Increasing roughness of an impacted surface increases number of satellite stains. Observe if splines and satellite drops were formed and record your observations in Data Table 2. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) is the field of forensic science that consists of the study and analysis of bloodstains at a known or suspected crime scene with the purpose of drawing conclusions about the nature, timing and other details of the crime. Blood Spatter Lab Part 1: Height . spatter to impact spatter is Short's 2016 study, which compared the two patterns on several different fabrics. Q. Q. cast-off. In this popular unit we will investigate the use of blood in reconstructing crime scenes. 4. Blood Spatter Analysis Satellite droplets When blood falls from a height, or at a high velocity, it overcomes its natural cohesiveness, and separates from the main droplet. Q. The current study used infrared photography to view simulated satellite spatter and In this activity students will calculate the angle of impact of blood droplets. The drop shown above would have more than likely been dropped from an angle of. The source of liquid blood at the time of impact was located on the wood block. Conduct a blood-spatter analysis. Distinguish between blood spatter based upon blood dropping onto a smooth surface and a rough or textured surface. Arterial Spray Resulting from blood exiting the body under pressure from a breached artery. 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satellite blood spatter